Search results for: Antibodies
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Assessing localized conformational stability of antibody-drug conjugate by protein conformation assay.
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a class of attractive therapeutic agents to fight cancer with conjugation of potent chemical agents on target-selective antibodies. The conceptually elegant approach has encountered mounting practical challenges in combining the mAb and potent drug while maintaining the conformational and physiochemical stability of the bioconjugates. The attachment of hydrophobic drug-linker with antibody could potentially alter the antibody conformational scaffold, locally or globally. Here we propose to use a protein conformation assay (PCA) to measure the higher-order structure of antibodies upon drug-linker conjugation. The PCA analysis provides insights into the formation of partially unfolded ADCs, which may correlate with protein stability and aggregation propensity. To further elucidate the cause of the unfolding events, in-depth peptide mapping combined with the PCA conformational footprints were performed on a commercial ADC trastuzumab emtansine in this study. The locally altered conformational hot-spots observed in PCA matched with conjugation sites with high occupancy rate identified in peptide mapping. In summary, by combining PCA and in-depth peptide mapping, a snapshot of ADC structural conformation and stability profile could be obtained and provide a swift and convenient measurement of the 'fitness' of ADC to facilitate payload selection, conjugation process development and early predictive developability assessment.
1122 related Products with: Assessing localized conformational stability of antibody-drug conjugate by protein conformation assay.
Rabbit Anti-14-3-3 family
Rabbit Anti-Lpin1 protein
Rabbit Anti-WNK3 protein
Rabbit Anti-SEC14 like pr
Rabbit Anti-F1 protein (Y
Rabbit Anti-APIP Apaf1 In
Rabbit Anti-Streptavidin
Rabbit Anti-WNK3 protein
Rabbit Anti-SEC14 like pr
Rabbit Anti-APIP Apaf1 In
Rabbit Anti-Midnolin isof
Rabbit Anti-APBB1 Fe65 pr
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Selection in the germinal center.
Germinal centers (GCs) are well known for their important role in shaping the secondary B cell repertoire to generate antibodies capable of binding with high-affinity and specificity to foreign antigens. Somatic hypermutation of the Ig variable region genes in GC B cells represents a highly efficient mechanism for generating new antibody variants with increased antigen affinity. To be effective, however, this process needs to be intimately linked with equally efficient processes that positively select high-affinity clones for perpetuation in the GC and, ultimately, for differentiation into plasma cell and memory B cell effector populations. Just as important is the need for mechanisms of negative selection that remove GC B cell clones with unwanted specificities, particularly those that have gained reactivity with self-components. Here, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the various selective processes that occur within the GC and identify the major questions in this field that remain to be answered. 1988 related Products with: Selection in the germinal center.
Thermal Shaker with cooli
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FDA Standard Frozen Tissu
FDA Standard Frozen Tissu
MultiGene Gradient therm
FDA Standard Frozen Tissu
pCAMBIA0105.1R Vector, (G
FDA Standard Frozen Tissu
Multiple organ tumor tiss
Liver carcinoma and norma
RAD51 & CASP3 Protein Pro
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Deep Learning Reveals Cancer Metastasis and Therapeutic Antibody Targeting in the Entire Body.
Reliable detection of disseminated tumor cells and of the biodistribution of tumor-targeting therapeutic antibodies within the entire body has long been needed to better understand and treat cancer metastasis. Here, we developed an integrated pipeline for automated quantification of cancer metastases and therapeutic antibody targeting, named DeepMACT. First, we enhanced the fluorescent signal of cancer cells more than 100-fold by applying the vDISCO method to image metastasis in transparent mice. Second, we developed deep learning algorithms for automated quantification of metastases with an accuracy matching human expert manual annotation. Deep learning-based quantification in 5 different metastatic cancer models including breast, lung, and pancreatic cancer with distinct organotropisms allowed us to systematically analyze features such as size, shape, spatial distribution, and the degree to which metastases are targeted by a therapeutic monoclonal antibody in entire mice. DeepMACT can thus considerably improve the discovery of effective antibody-based therapeutics at the pre-clinical stage. VIDEO ABSTRACT. 1404 related Products with: Deep Learning Reveals Cancer Metastasis and Therapeutic Antibody Targeting in the Entire Body.
FDA Standard Frozen Tissu
FDA Standard Frozen Tissu
FDA Standard Frozen Tissu
FDA Standard Frozen Tissu
FDA Standard Frozen Tissu
FDA Standard Frozen Tissu
Normal rat multiple organ
Multiple organ cancer tis
Mid advanced stage bladde
Breast cancer tissue arra
Esophageal cancer tissue
Stomach cancer tissue arr
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An explorative study identifies miRNA signatures for the diagnosis of non-celiac wheat sensitivity.
Non-celiac wheat sensitivity (NCWS), also referred to as non-celiac gluten sensitivity, is a recently described disorder triggered by wheat/gluten ingestion. NCWS elicits a wide range of symptoms including diarrhoea, intestinal discomfort, and fatigue in analogy with other wheat/gluten-related disorders and celiac disease in particular. From the pathological standpoint, NCWS patients only have a slight increase of intraepithelial lymphocytes, while antibodies to tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and villous atrophy, otherwise diagnostic features of celiac disease, are absent. To date, the diagnosis of NCWS relies on symptoms and exclusion of confounding diseases, since biomarkers are not yet available. Here, the expression levels of selected miRNAs were examined in duodenal biopsies and peripheral blood leukocytes collected from newly diagnosed patients with NCWS and, as controls, from patients with celiac disease and gluten-independent gastrointestinal problems. We identified a few miRNAs whose expression is higher in the intestinal mucosa of patients affected by NCWS in comparison to control patients affect by gluten-independent dyspeptic symptoms (Helicobacter pylori-negative) and celiac disease. The present study provided the first evidence that NCWS patients have a characteristic miRNA expression patterns, such peculiarity could be exploited as a biomarker to the diagnosis of this disease. 2257 related Products with: An explorative study identifies miRNA signatures for the diagnosis of non-celiac wheat sensitivity.
Normal rat multiple organ
TCP-1 theta antibody Sour
RABBIT ANTI GSK3 BETA (pS
Rabbit anti PKC theta (pS
MOUSE ANTI CANINE DISTEMP
FDA Standard Frozen Tissu
FDA Standard Frozen Tissu
Rabbit anti PKC theta (Ab
Anti-BMP-1 (Bone Morphoge
MOUSE ANTI HUMAN CD15, Pr
Cultrex In Vitro Angiogen
formin-like 1 antibody So
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Mother-to-Child Transfer of Reactivated Varicella-Zoster Virus DNA and Varicella-Zoster IgG in Pregnancy.
Stress-induced subclinical reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) has been studied previously. However, subclinical reactivation of VZV induced by the stress of pregnancy has not been investigated. The objective was to study varicella DNA and varicella antibody levels in mothers and their newborn babies. VZV immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels in 350 mother-newborn dyads were studied using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing. A subset of 73 dyads was selected, DNA was isolated from the serum samples, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed. Nearly 15% (14.6%) mothers tested were positive for varicella antibodies (>100 mIU/dL) and 16% were borderline (<100 and >50 mIU/dL). Approximately 16.9% of the babies were positive, and 18% were in borderline. Among those tested for VZV-DNA, 70% of mothers with low VZ-IgG (<100 mIU/dL) and 11.32% of those with high VZ-IgG (>100 mIU/dL) were positive for DNA. Among the newborns, 60% of those with low VZ-IgG and 15% of those with high VZ-IgG were positive for DNA. Mothers who have had VZV infection in the past can transmit VZV DNA to their babies. 1144 related Products with: Mother-to-Child Transfer of Reactivated Varicella-Zoster Virus DNA and Varicella-Zoster IgG in Pregnancy.
Varicella Zoster Virus (V
Varicella Zoster Virus (V
Human Varicella zoster vi
Varicella Zoster Virus (V
Mouse AntiInfluenza B Nuc
Human Epstein-Barr Virus
Recombinant Influenza B V
Mouse AntiLegionella pneu
Recombinant Influenza A V
Native Parainfluenza Viru
Mouse Anti-Influenza A Vi
Hepatitis C Virus antibod
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The Immunopathology of Complement Proteins and Innate Immunity in Autoimmune Disease.
The complement is a powerful cascade of the innate immunity and also acts as a bridge between innate and acquired immune defence. Complement activation can occur via three distinct pathways, the classical, alternative and lectin pathways, each resulting in the common terminal pathway. Complement activation results in the release of a range of biologically active molecules that significantly contribute to immune surveillance and tissue homeostasis. Several soluble and membrane-bound regulatory proteins restrict complement activation in order to prevent complement-mediated autologous damage, consumption and exacerbated inflammation. The crucial role of complement in the host homeostasis is illustrated by association of both complement deficiency and overactivation with severe and life-threatening diseases. Autoantibodies targeting complement components have been described to alter expression and/or function of target protein resulting in a dysregulation of the delicate equilibrium between activation and inhibition of complement. The spectrum of diseases associated with complement autoantibodies depends on which complement protein and activation pathway are targeted, ranging from autoimmune disorders to kidney and vascular diseases. Nevertheless, these autoantibodies have been identified as differential biomarkers for diagnosis or follow-up of disease only in a small number of clinical conditions. For some autoantibodies, a clear relationship with clinical manifestations has been identified, such as anti-C1q, anti-Factor H, anti-C1 Inhibitor antibodies and C3 nephritic factor. For other autoantibodies, the origin and the functional consequences still remain to be elucidated, questioning about the pathophysiological significance of these autoantibodies, such as anti-mannose binding lectin, anti-Factor I, anti-Factor B and anti-C3b antibodies. The detection of autoantibodies targeting complement components is performed in specialized laboratories; however, there is no consensus on detection methods and standardization of the assays is a real challenge. This review summarizes the current panorama of autoantibodies targeting complement recognition proteins of the classical and lectin pathways, associated proteases, convertases, regulators and terminal components, with an emphasis on autoantibodies clearly involved in clinical conditions. 1964 related Products with: The Immunopathology of Complement Proteins and Innate Immunity in Autoimmune Disease.
Native Influenza HA (A Sh
rHIV gp41, soluble Antige
Recombinant HIV-1 p31 Int
Proteins and Antibodies H
Recombinant Human Inhibin
Recombinant Human p16-INK
Breast disease spectrum t
Native Influenza HA (B Ma
Native Influenza HA (A So
Ovarian disease spectrum
Influenza A (H5N1) HA Pep
FDA Standard Frozen Tissu
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Alzheimer-like amyloid and tau alterations associated with cognitive deficit in temporal lobe epilepsy.
Temporal lobe epilepsy represents a major cause of drug-resistant epilepsy. Cognitive impairment is a frequent comorbidity, but the mechanisms are not fully elucidated. We hypothesized that the cognitive impairment in drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy could be due to perturbations of amyloid and tau signalling pathways related to activation of stress kinases, similar to those observed in Alzheimer's disease. We examined these pathways, as well as amyloid-β and tau pathologies in the hippocampus and temporal lobe cortex of drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy patients who underwent temporal lobe resection (n = 19), in comparison with age- and region-matched samples from neurologically normal autopsy cases (n = 22). Post-mortem temporal cortex samples from Alzheimer's disease patients (n = 9) were used as positive controls to validate many of the neurodegeneration-related antibodies. Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis of tissue from temporal lobe epilepsy cases revealed increased phosphorylation of full-length amyloid precursor protein and its associated neurotoxic cleavage product amyloid-β*56. Pathological phosphorylation of two distinct tau species was also increased in both regions, but increases in amyloid-β1-42 peptide, the main component of amyloid plaques, were restricted to the hippocampus. Furthermore, several major stress kinases involved in the development of Alzheimer's disease pathology were significantly activated in temporal lobe epilepsy brain samples, including the c-Jun N-terminal kinase and the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase. In temporal lobe epilepsy cases, hippocampal levels of phosphorylated amyloid precursor protein, its pro-amyloidogenic processing enzyme beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1, and both total and hyperphosphorylated tau expression, correlated with impaired preoperative executive function. Our study suggests that neurodegenerative and stress-related processes common to those observed in Alzheimer's disease may contribute to cognitive impairment in drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy. In particular, we identified several stress pathways that may represent potential novel therapeutic targets. 1054 related Products with: Alzheimer-like amyloid and tau alterations associated with cognitive deficit in temporal lobe epilepsy.
Beta Amyloid (40) ELISA K
Beta Amyloid (1 40) ELISA
Beta Amyloid (42) ELISA K
Beta Amyloid (1 40) ELISA
Syringe pump can be contr
Cytokine (Mouse) Antibody
IGF1R & PIK3R1 Protein Pr
Ovary cancer survey tissu
Mouse Anti-Human Interleu
Indocyanine Green
Goat Anti-Human LTF, (int
Goat Anti-Influenza A Vir
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Immunotherapy orchestrates radiotherapy in composing abscopal effects: A strategic review in metastatic head and neck cancer.
The treatment of metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with a combination of radiotherapy (RT) and immunotherapy can augment treatment response and symptomatic relief. Combination therapy can also trigger a non-targeted tumor control event called the abscopal effect. This effect can be demonstrated by treatment with anti- programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and anti- cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) antibodies in combination with hypofractionated RT. Individual studies and clinical trials have revealed that combination radio-immunotherapy improves overall treatment response by successful initiation of the abscopal effect, which extends the treatment effects to non-targeted lesions. Growing attention to the abscopal effect may inspire innovations in current radiotherapy toward more effective and less toxic radiobiological treatment modalities for advanced HNSCC. We review the latest findings on the abscopal effect with emphases on therapeutic modalities and potential applications for treating metastatic HNSCC. 2105 related Products with: Immunotherapy orchestrates radiotherapy in composing abscopal effects: A strategic review in metastatic head and neck cancer.
Multiple head and neck ca
Head and neck cancer tiss
Head & Neck cancer test t
Multiple head and neck ca
Head & Neck cancer tissue
Head and neck cancer tiss
Head and neck squamous ca
Breast cancer and matched
Head and Neck tumor and n
Multiple head and neck tu
Breast cancer and matched
Lung cancer tissue array
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