Gentaur Pub

#36485036   2022/12/09 To Up

Peptide Stability Is Important but Not a General Requirement for Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity In Vitro and In Vivo.

Peptide stability to proteases has been a major requirement for developing peptide therapeutics. This study investigates the effects of peptide stability on antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity under various conditions. For this purpose, two human cathelicidin-derived peptides differing in stability to proteases were utilized. While GF-17, a peptide derived from the major antimicrobial region of human LL-37, can be rapidly cleaved by proteases, the engineered peptide 17BIPHE2 is resistant to multiple proteases. In the standard antimicrobial susceptibility, killing kinetics, and membrane permeabilization assays conducted in vitro using planktonic bacteria, these two peptides displayed similar potency. The two peptides were also similarly active against methicillin-resistant (MRSA) USA300 prior to biofilm formation. However, 17BIPHE2 was superior to GF-17 in disrupting preformed biofilms probably due to both enhanced stability and slightly higher DNA binding capacity. In a wax moth model, 17BIPHE2 better protected insects from MRSA infection-caused death than GF-17, consistent with the slower degradation of 17BIPHE2 than GF-17. Here, peptide antimicrobial activity was found to be critical for in vivo efficacy. When incorporated in the nanofiber/microneedle delivery device, GF-17 and 17BIPHE2 displayed a similar effect in eliminating MRSA in murine chronic wounds, underscoring the advantage of nanofibers in protecting the peptide from degradation. Since nanoformulation can ease the requirement of peptide stability, it opens the door to a direct use of natural peptides or their cocktails for antimicrobial treatment, accelerating the search of effective antibiofilm peptides to treat chronic wounds.
Aaron P Decker, Yajuan Su, Biswajit Mishra, Atul Verma, Tamara Lushnikova, Jingwei Xie, Guangshun Wang

2115 related Products with: Peptide Stability Is Important but Not a General Requirement for Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity In Vitro and In Vivo.

0.1ml (1mg/ml)100ug Lyophilized0.1ml48 assays25 mg100ug Lyophilized100ug Lyophilized100ug Lyophilized100ug Lyophilized100ug Lyophilized

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#36485022   2022/12/09 To Up

A Text-Based Smoking Cessation Intervention for Sexual and Gender Minority Groups: Protocol for a Feasibility Trial.

Smoking among sexual and gender minority (SGM) groups, which include lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer individuals, has been reported to be highly prevalent. This is attributed to several factors, including minority-specific stress and targeted tobacco marketing. Therefore, this population is at an increased risk for tobacco-related diseases. SMS text messaging programs have been found to be effective for smoking cessation and appeal to traditionally hard-to-reach populations over other interventions. It has also been suggested that targeted and tailored interventions could be more effective among SGM smokers because they can be designed to assure a safe, validating health care environment that enhances receptivity to cessation.
Irene Tami-Maury, Rebecca Klaff, Allison Hussin, Nathan Grant Smith, Shine Chang, Lorna McNeill, Lorraine R Reitzel, Sanjay Shete, Lorien C Abroms

1861 related Products with: A Text-Based Smoking Cessation Intervention for Sexual and Gender Minority Groups: Protocol for a Feasibility Trial.

1 G 1 G20 ug25 µg1 kit100μg50 assays200 mg 100 G

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#36485015   2022/12/09 To Up

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a useful tool for multi-perspective psychobiological study of neurophysiological correlates of parenting behaviour.

The quality of the relationship between caregiver and child has long-term effects on the cognitive and socio-emotional development of children. A process involved in human parenting is the bio-behavioural synchrony that occurs between the partners in the relationship during interaction. Through interaction, bio-behavioural synchronicity allows the adaptation of the physiological systems of the parent to those of the child, promotes the positive development and modelling of the child's social brain. The role of bio-behavioural synchrony in building social bonds could be investigated using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). In this paper we have (a) highlighted the importance of the quality of the caregiver-child relationship for the child's cognitive and socio-emotional development, as well as the relevance of infantile stimuli in the activation of parenting behaviour, (b) discussed the tools used in the study of the neurophysiological substrates of the parental response, (c) proposed fNIRS as a particularly suitable tool for the study of parental responses, (d) underlined the need for a multi-systemic psychobiological approach to understand the mechanisms that regulate caregiver-child interactions and their bio-behavioural synchrony. We propose to adopt a multi-system psychobiological approach to the study of parental behaviour and social interaction.
Carmela Russo, Vincenzo Paolo Senese

2176 related Products with: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a useful tool for multi-perspective psychobiological study of neurophysiological correlates of parenting behaviour.

25 µg1 LITRE0.25 mg100 ml1 ml0.1 ml25 µg0.1 mg100 TESTS0.2 mg0.1ml (1mg/ml)0.1 mg

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#36485014   2022/12/09 To Up

The Impact of DFT Functional, Cluster Model Size, and Implicit Solvation on the Structural Description of Single-Metal-Mediated DNA Phosphodiester Bond Cleavage: The Case Study of APE1.

Phosphodiester bond hydrolysis in nucleic acids is a ubiquitous reaction that can be facilitated by enzymes called nucleases, which often use metal ions to achieve catalytic function. While a two-metal-mediated pathway has been well established for many enzymes, there is growing support that some enzymes require only one metal for the catalytic step. Using human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE1) as a prototypical example and cluster models, this study clarifies the impact of DFT functional, cluster model size, and implicit solvation on single-metal-mediated phosphodiester bond cleavage and provides insight into how to efficiently model this chemistry. Initially, a model containing 69 atoms built from a high-resolution X-ray crystal structure is used to explore the reaction pathway mapped by a range of DFT functionals and basis sets, which provides support for the use of standard functionals (M06-2X and B3LYP-D3) to study this reaction. Subsequently, systematically increasing the model size to 185 atoms by including additional amino acids and altering residue truncation points highlights that small models containing only a few amino acids or β carbon truncation points introduce model strains and lead to incorrect metal coordination. Indeed, a model that contains all key residues (general base and acid, residues that stabilize the substrate, and amino acids that maintain the metal coordination) is required for an accurate structural depiction of the one-metal-mediated phosphodiester bond hydrolysis by APE1, which results in 185 atoms. The additional inclusion of the broader enzyme environment through continuum solvation models has negligible effects. The insights gained in the present work can be used to direct future computational studies of other one-metal-dependent nucleases to provide a greater understanding of how nature achieves this difficult chemistry.
Rajwinder Kaur, Dylan J Nikkel, Mohamed M Aboelnga, Stacey D Wetmore

1588 related Products with: The Impact of DFT Functional, Cluster Model Size, and Implicit Solvation on the Structural Description of Single-Metal-Mediated DNA Phosphodiester Bond Cleavage: The Case Study of APE1.

200 units200 units1 ml100 U

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#36485005   2022/12/09 To Up

Polystyrene microplastic particles induce autophagic cell death in BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells.

The detection of high levels of microplastics in indoor and outdoor air has increased concerns regarding its toxic effects on the respiratory system. They are not easily degradable and can be deposited deep in the lungs. Although several studies have reported inhalation toxicities of microplastics, they are still controversial due to a lack of evidence. Herein, we evaluated the inhalation toxicities of three differently charged polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs), the most abundant microplastics in the air. Cytotoxicity and ROS generation were evaluated using WST-1 and DCF-DA assays, respectively. To evaluate the toxic effects on the lung, inflammatory responses were analyzed after repeated exposure to the PS-MPs through intratracheal instillation. To explore the mechanism of toxicity, autophagy and ER stress-associated proteins were analyzed. Only the positively charged PS-MPs (NH -PS-MPs) showed cytotoxicity and increased ROS generation in BEAS-2B cells. Similarly, only NH -PS-MPs significantly increased the expression and secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-β in the animal experiments. The expression of ER stress proteins indicated that NH -PS-MPs increased ER stress via PERK-EIF2α and ATF4-CHOP pathways. Moreover, accumulation of NH -PS-MPs in lysosomes and deformity of the nucleus were observed in BEAS-2B cells with autophagy induction. Taken together, our results demonstrated that NH -PS-MPs induced autophagic cell death in bronchial epithelial cells, leading to inflammatory responses in the lungs. These results suggest that repeated inhalation of microplastics can result in inflammatory responses in the lung through cellular damage of lung epithelial cells, and that inhalation microplastics should be monitored to reduce inhalation health risks.
Mi Seon Jeon, Jun Woo Kim, Yu Bin Han, Mi Ho Jeong, Ha Ryong Kim, Hyung Sik Kim, Yong Joo Park, Kyu Hyuck Chung

1509 related Products with: Polystyrene microplastic particles induce autophagic cell death in BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells.

1.00 flask25 100ug Lyophilized100ug Lyophilized1.00 flask1 mg1.00 flask10 ug1.00 flask25 TESTS100 µg1x10e7 cells

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#36485003   2022/12/09 To Up

Different, but the same: Inferring the hunting behaviour of the hypercarnivorous bush dog (Speothos venaticus) through finite element analysis.

C
Juan V Ruiz, Gabriel S Ferreira, Stephan Lautenschlager, Mariela C de Castro, Felipe C Montefeltro

1348 related Products with: Different, but the same: Inferring the hunting behaviour of the hypercarnivorous bush dog (Speothos venaticus) through finite element analysis.

0.1 mg 100 G1100 IU500 Units21100.00 ul1 ml1

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#36484984   2022/12/09 To Up

Crystal Structure of the RNA Lariat Debranching Enzyme Dbr1 with Hydrolyzed Phosphorothioate RNA Product.

The RNA lariat debranching enzyme is the sole enzyme responsible for hydrolyzing the 2'-5' phosphodiester bond in RNA lariats produced by the spliceosome. Here, we test the ability of Dbr1 to hydrolyze branched RNAs (bRNAs) that contain a 2'-5'-phosphorothioate linkage, a modification commonly used to resist degradation. We attempted to cocrystallize a phosphorothioate-branched RNA (PS-bRNA) with wild-type Dbr1 (EhDbr1) but observed in-crystal hydrolysis of the phosphorothioate bond. The crystal structure revealed EhDbr1 in a product-bound state, with the hydrolyzed 2'-5' fragment of the PS-bRNA mimicking the binding mode of the native bRNA substrate. These findings suggest that product inhibition may contribute to the kinetic mechanism of Dbr1. We show that Dbr1 enzymes cleave phosphorothioate linkages at rates ∼10,000-fold more slowly than native phosphate linkages. This new product-bound crystal structure offers atomic details, which can aid inhibitor design. Dbr1 inhibitors could be therapeutic or investigative compounds for human diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), cancer, and viral encephalitis.
Nathaniel E Clark, Adam Katolik, Anastasia Welch, Christoph Schorl, Stephen P Holloway, Jonathan P Schuermann, P John Hart, Alexander B Taylor, Masad J Damha, William G Fairbrother

2919 related Products with: Crystal Structure of the RNA Lariat Debranching Enzyme Dbr1 with Hydrolyzed Phosphorothioate RNA Product.

100 U1000 units5 X 1000 U200ul10 nmol500 Units50 mg1ml 50 UG5 X 1000 U200ul250ul

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#36484982   2022/12/09 To Up

Stomatin-like Protein-2 Promotes Aggregation, Colonization and Migration of Endometriotic Cells.

Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease in women of childbearing age, which leads to infertility with risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer. The pathogenesis of endometriosis is poorly understood, and cure/treatment for it is not available, except for symptomatic treatment. The recurrence rate of endometriosis is high. SLP-2 is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein whose participation has been explained in cases of endometrial stromal cell growth, differentiation and migration, but its role in endometriosis is yet to be understood. Previous studies have found altered expression of stomatin-like protein 2 (SLP-2) in the serum of endometriotic patients. Therefore, we have studied the possible role of SLP-2 in the development of endometriosis. We found the ubiquitous and high expression of SLP-2 in the endometriotic tissue of both human endometriosis patients and rat endometriosis model. SLP-2 is seen in the glandular epithelial cells and stromal cells in the eutopic/normal or non-endometriosis group endometrium from human subjects. Finding high expression levels of SLP-2 in endometriotic tissue and ovarian cystic cells derived from endometriosis patients, we explored the possible role of SLP-2 in the cell aggregation, colonization, migration, and invasion in the human endometriotic cells associated with the progression of the endometriosis. Transient silencing of SLP-2 by its siRNA hinders endometriotic cells, aggregation, migration, and invasion into the extracellular matrix, which confirms SLP-2 involvement in endometriotic disease onset and progression. This study unravels the ubiquitous expression of SLP-2 in the human ectopic endometrial tissue and its role in the endometriotic cell migration, colonization, aggregation, and invasion leading to endometriosis progression.
Suparna Kumari, Pushplata Sankhwar, Rupal Tripathi, Ajay K Kawale, Satish Gupta, Rajesh Kumar Jha

2729 related Products with: Stomatin-like Protein-2 Promotes Aggregation, Colonization and Migration of Endometriotic Cells.

25UG250ul20000 U250ul1000 TESTS/0.65ml200ml25ml 5 x 200ul/Unit250ul25ml100ug Lyophilized

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#36484967   2022/12/09 To Up

Correction to: Comparison of the social responsiveness scale-2 among individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams Syndrome in Japan.

Masahiro Hirai, Kosuke Asada, Takeo Kato, Takahiro Ikeda, Yoko Hakuno, Ayaka Ikeda, Kanae Matsushima, Tomonari Awaya, Shin Okazaki, Toshihiro Kato, Yasuko Funabiki, Toshiya Murai, Toshio Heike, Masatoshi Hagiwara, Takanori Yamagata, Kiyotaka Tomiwa, Ryo Kimura

2904 related Products with: Correction to: Comparison of the social responsiveness scale-2 among individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams Syndrome in Japan.

500 5ml20mg5mg10010mg

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#36484964   2022/12/09 To Up

Examining Sensitivity to Developmental Changes on the Behavioral Inflexibility Scale.

The study objective was to determine if the validated Behavioral Inflexibility Scale (BIS) is sensitive to the detection of developmental changes in inflexibility in a sample of autistic children.
Brian A Boyd, Waylon Howard, James W Bodfish, Luc Lecavalier, Clare Harrop, Desiree Jones, Aaron Dallman, Sahana Nagabhushan Kalburgi, Jill Hollway

1870 related Products with: Examining Sensitivity to Developmental Changes on the Behavioral Inflexibility Scale.

1 kit96/kit 1000 ml 11 ml1 module

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