Search results for: Anti-A3 Adenosine Receptor Antibody
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Immunohistochemical characterization of adenosine receptors in rat aorta and tail arteries.
Adenosine plays an important role in the cardiovascular system, activating adenosine A(1), A(2A), A(2B), and A(3) receptors, and regulating blood flow either by acting directly on vascular cells or indirectly because of its effects on the central or peripheral nervous systems. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the pattern of distribution of adenosine receptor subtypes is different on elastic and muscular, using abdominal aorta and tail arteries as models. Immunohistochemistry using anti-A(1), anti-A(2A), anti-A(2B), and anti-A(3) receptor antibodies was performed on perfused-fixed/paraffin-embedded arteries from Wistar rats. 3,3'-Diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB; activated by hydrogen peroxide) staining revealed significant differences in the abundance of A(1), A(2A), and A(3) receptors between abdominal aorta and tail artery and allowed the identification of distinct distribution patterns for A(1), A(2A), A(2B), and A(3) receptors in the tunica adventitia, media, and intima of muscular and elastic arteries. Data are compatible with several previous functional reports supporting that different adenosine receptor subtype expression and/or their distribution in the vessel wall may influence their respective contribution to the control of blood flow.Sandra Leal, Carlos Sá, Jorge Gonçalves, Paula Fresco, Carmen Diniz
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Identification of adenosine A1 and A3 receptor subtypes in rat pial and intracerebral arteries.
The expression and microanatomical localization of adenosine A1 and A3 receptor subtypes were investigated in rat pial and intracerebral arteries by immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques. Pial artery membranes develop immune bands of approximately 79 and 52 kDa when exposed to anti-A1 and anti-A3 receptor protein antibodies respectively. Sympathectomy performed by bilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy did not change the pattern of adenosine A1 or A3 receptor immunochemistry. Sections of pial and intracerebral arteries processed for A1 or A3 receptor protein immunohistochemistry developed immune reaction in the tunica media, within arterial smooth muscle. A1 receptor immunoreactivity was more pronounced in large-sized compared to medium- and small-sized pial arteries and was stronger in small than in medium- or large-sized intracerebral arteries. A3 receptor immunoreactivity was more pronounced in smaller sized pial arteries compared to larger pial arteries, whereas no differences in the intensity of immune staining were noticeable between different sized intracerebral arteries. In situ hybridization histochemistry revealed a strong signal for A1 receptor and a moderate signal for A3 receptor in the tunica media of pial arteries, within smooth muscle. The present study indicates that rat pial and intracerebral arteries besides to the well characterized A2a and A2b receptors, express also A1 and A3 receptor subtypes. The identification of cerebrovascular A1 and A3 adenosine receptor subtypes may stimulate further research for detailing the mechanism(s) of regulation of cerebral circulation by adenosine.Maria Antonietta Di Tullio, Seyed Khosrow Tayebati, Francesco Amenta