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H4K20me1 plays a dual role in transcriptional regulation of regeneration and axis patterning in .
The evolution of the first body axis in the animal kingdom and its extensive ability to regenerate makes , a Cnidarian, an excellent model system for understanding the underlying epigenetic mechanisms. We identify that monomethyltransferase SETD8 is critical for regeneration in because of its conserved interaction with β-catenin to fine-tune the associated gene regulatory network. Inhibition of SETD8 activity abolishes head and foot regeneration in Furthermore, we show that H4K20me1, the histone mark imparted by SETD8, colocalizes with the transcriptional activation machinery locally at the β-catenin-bound TCF/LEF-binding sites on the promoters of head-associated genes, marking an epigenetic activation mode. In contrast, genome-wide analysis of the H4K20me1 occupancy revealed a negative correlation with transcriptional activation. We propose that H4K20me1 acts as a general repressive histone mark in Cnidaria and describe its dichotomous role in transcriptional regulation in .Akhila Gungi, Shagnik Saha, Mrinmoy Pal, Sanjeev Galande
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Inhibitory effects and mechanisms of proanthocyanidins against enterovirus 71 infection.
Proanthocyanidins (PC), a natural flavonoid compound, was reported to possess a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-tumor and anti-viral effects. In this study, the anti-Enterovirus 71 (EV71) activities and mechanisms of PC were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that PC possessed anti-EV71 activities in different cell lines with low toxicity. PC can block both the adsorption and entry processes of EV71 via directly binding to virus VP1 protein. PC may competitively interfere with the binding of VP1 to its receptor SCARB2. PC can also regulate three different MAPK signaling pathways to reduce EV71 infection and attenuate virus induced inflammatory responses. Importantly, intramuscular therapy of EV71-infected mice with PC markedly improved their survival and attenuated the severe clinical symptoms. Therefore, the natural compound PC has potential to be developed into a novel anti-EV71 agent targeting viral VP1 protein and MAPK pathways.Jiqin Sun, Xiaoyao Ma, Lishan Sun, Yang Zhang, Cui Hao, Wei Wang