Search results for: reductase
#38015290 
2023/11/28
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Alpha-Mangostin and its nano-conjugates induced programmed cell death in Acanthamoeba castellanii belonging to the T4 genotype.
Acanthamoeba are free living amoebae that are the causative agent of keratitis and granulomatous amoebic encephalitis. Alpha-Mangostin (AMS) is a significant xanthone; that demonstrates a wide range of biological activities. Here, the anti-amoebic activity of α-Mangostin and its silver nano conjugates (AMS-AgNPs) were evaluated against pathogenic A. castellanii trophozoites and cysts in vitro. Amoebicidal assays showed that both AMS and AMS-AgNPs inhibited the viability of A. castellanii dose-dependently, with an IC of 88.5 ± 2.04 and 20.2 ± 2.17 μM, respectively. Both formulations inhibited A. castellanii-mediated human keratinocyte cell cytopathogenicity. Functional assays showed that both samples caused apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production, while increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) cytochrome-c reductase in the cytosol. Whole transcriptome sequencing of A. castellanii showed the expression of 826 genes, with 447 genes being up-regulated and 379 genes being down-regulated post treatment. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that the majority of genes were linked to apoptosis, autophagy, RAP1, AGE-RAGE and oxytocin signalling pathways. Seven genes (PTEN, H3, ARIH1, SDR16C5, PFN, glnA GLUL, and SRX1) were identified as the most significant (Log2 (FC) value 4) for molecular mode of action in vitro. Future in vivo studies with AMS and nanoconjugates are needed to realize the clinical potential of this work.Usman Ahmed, Seng-Kai Ong, Kuan Onn Tan, Khalid Mohammed Khan, Naveed Ahmed Khan, Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui, Bader Saleem Alawfi, Ayaz Anwar
2127 related Products with: Alpha-Mangostin and its nano-conjugates induced programmed cell death in Acanthamoeba castellanii belonging to the T4 genotype.
100ug Lyophilized1 kit1 mg100ug Lyophilized100ug Lyophilized100ug Lyophilized100ug Lyophilized100ug Lyophilized100ug Lyophilized100ug Lyophilized
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#38014685 2023/11/28
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Interventions to Attenuate Cardiovascular Calcification Progression: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials.
Cardiovascular calcification, characterized by deposition of calcium phosphate in the arterial wall and heart valves, is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and is commonly seen in aging, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Whether evidence-based interventions could significantly attenuate cardiovascular calcification progression remains uncertain.Shashank Murali, Edward R Smith, Mark K Tiong, Sven-Jean Tan, Nigel D Toussaint
2454 related Products with: Interventions to Attenuate Cardiovascular Calcification Progression: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials.
500 mg2 modules
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#38014283 2023/11/14
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Genetically dissecting the electron transport chain of a soil bacterium reveals a generalizable mechanism for biological phenazine-1-carboxylic acid oxidation.
The capacity for bacterial extracellular electron transfer via secreted metabolites is widespread in natural, clinical, and industrial environments. Recently, we discovered biological oxidation of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), the first example of biological regeneration of a naturally produced extracellular electron shuttle. However, it remained unclear how PCA oxidation was catalyzed. Here, we report the mechanism, which we uncovered by genetically perturbing the branched electron transport chain (ETC) of the soil isolate MBL. Biological PCA oxidation is coupled to anaerobic respiration with nitrate, fumarate, dimethyl sulfoxide, or trimethylamine-N-oxide as terminal electron acceptors. Genetically inactivating the catalytic subunits for all redundant complexes for a given terminal electron acceptor abolishes PCA oxidation. In the absence of quinones, PCA can still donate electrons to certain terminal reductases, albeit much less efficiently. In MBL, PCA oxidation is largely driven by flux through the ETC, which suggests a generalizable mechanism that may be employed by any anaerobically respiring bacterium with an accessible cytoplasmic membrane. This model is supported by analogous genetic experiments during nitrate respiration by .Lev M Z Tsypin, Scott H Saunders, Allen W Chen, Dianne K Newman
2448 related Products with: Genetically dissecting the electron transport chain of a soil bacterium reveals a generalizable mechanism for biological phenazine-1-carboxylic acid oxidation.
1 g 1 G 5 G 100 G25 mg1 g 100 G 5 G10 mg 100 G2.5 mg10 mg
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#38014264 2023/11/21
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Control of Biofilm Formation by an Pterin-Binding Periplasmic Protein Conserved Among Pathogenic Bacteria.
Biofilm formation and surface attachment in multiple Alphaproteobacteria is driven by unipolar polysaccharide (UPP) adhesins. The pathogen produces a UPP adhesin, which is regulated by the intracellular second messenger cyclic diguanylate monophosphate (cdGMP). Prior studies revealed that DcpA, a diguanylate cyclase-phosphodiesterase (DGC-PDE), is crucial in control of UPP production and surface attachment. DcpA is regulated by PruR, a protein with distant similarity to enzymatic domains known to coordinate the molybdopterin cofactor (MoCo). Pterins are bicyclic nitrogen-rich compounds, several of which are formed via a non-essential branch of the folate biosynthesis pathway, distinct from MoCo. The pterin-binding protein PruR controls DcpA activity, fostering cdGMP breakdown and dampening its synthesis. Pterins are excreted and we report here that PruR associates with these metabolites in the periplasm, promoting interaction with the DcpA periplasmic domain. The pteridine reductase PruA, which reduces specific dihydro-pterin molecules to their tetrahydro forms, imparts control over DcpA activity through PruR. Tetrahydromonapterin preferentially associates with PruR relative to other related pterins, and the PruR-DcpA interaction is decreased in a mutant. PruR and DcpA are encoded in an operon that is conserved amongst multiple Proteobacteria including mammalian pathogens. Crystal structures reveal that PruR and several orthologs adopt a conserved fold, with a pterin-specific binding cleft that coordinates the bicyclic pterin ring. These findings define a new pterin-responsive regulatory mechanism that controls biofilm formation and related cdGMP-dependent phenotypes in and is found in multiple additional bacterial pathogens.Jennifer L Greenwich, Justin L Eagan, Nathan Feirer, Kaleb Boswinkle, George Minasov, Ludmilla Shuvalova, Nicole L Inniss, Jakka Raghavaiah, Arun K Ghosh, Karla J F Satchell, Kylie D Allen, Clay Fuqua
2585 related Products with: Control of Biofilm Formation by an Pterin-Binding Periplasmic Protein Conserved Among Pathogenic Bacteria.
100ul 100ul100.00 ug100 ul 100 UG 100ul100 ul Product tipe: Anti 100ul100 ul0.1 ml100.00 ug200
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#38013840 2023/05/22
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Biocatalytic reduction of alkenes in micro-aqueous organic solvent catalysed by an immobilised ene reductase.
Biocatalytic asymmetric reduction of alkenes in organic solvent is attractive for enantiopurity and product isolation, yet remains under developed. Herein we demonstrate the robustness of an ene reductase immobilised on Celite for the reduction of activated alkenes in micro-aqueous organic solvent. Full conversion was obtained in methyl -butyl ether, avoiding hydrolysis and racemisation of products. The immobilised ene reductase showed reusability and a scale-up demonstrated its applicability.Rocio Villa, Claudia Ferrer-Carbonell, Caroline E Paul
1675 related Products with: Biocatalytic reduction of alkenes in micro-aqueous organic solvent catalysed by an immobilised ene reductase.
100ug1 mg100 μg1 mg100 μg0.1 mg1 Set1.00 mg1 Set100ug1 Set
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#38013563 //
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Response from M Maqsood, P Waheed, A Rashid, et al. (J Pak Med Assoc. 2023; 73: 978-982) Aldose Reductase Gene Polymorphism Rs752010122 And Retinopathy In Type 2 Diabetics.
Muntaha Maqsood, Palvasha Waheed, Amir Rashid, Asifa Majeed, Ahsan Mukhtar
2409 related Products with: Response from M Maqsood, P Waheed, A Rashid, et al. (J Pak Med Assoc. 2023; 73: 978-982) Aldose Reductase Gene Polymorphism Rs752010122 And Retinopathy In Type 2 Diabetics.
100ug Lyophilized100ug Lyophilized250 ml100ug Lyophilized100ug Lyophilized1 Set5 mg 100 UG2.5 mg11 Set
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#38013562 //
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Comment on M Maqsood, P Waheed, A Rashid, et al. (J Pak Med Assoc. 2023; 73: 978-982) Aldose Reductase Gene Polymorphism Rs752010122 And Retinopathy In Type 2 Diabetics.
Haleema Qayyum Abbasi
1501 related Products with: Comment on M Maqsood, P Waheed, A Rashid, et al. (J Pak Med Assoc. 2023; 73: 978-982) Aldose Reductase Gene Polymorphism Rs752010122 And Retinopathy In Type 2 Diabetics.
100ug Lyophilized1 Set5 mg100ug Lyophilized1 Set1100ug Lyophilized2.5 mg100 μg100ug Lyophilized
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#38011841 2023/11/27
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Thioredoxin Reductase 2 (TXNRD2) Variant As A Cause Of Micropenis, Undescended Testis And Selective Glucocorticoid Deficiency.
Variants in genes that play a role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis in adrenocortical cells may be associated with glucocorticoid deficiency and it is unclear whether these cases may be associated with a wider phenotype. However, to date, only one case of a genetic variant in TXNRD2, the gene encoding thioredoxin reductase Type 2, in a South Asian kindred with familial glucocorticoid deficiency has been reported.Supitcha Patjamontri, Angela K Lucas-Herald, Martin McMillan, Rathi Prasad, Louise A Metherell, Ruth McGowan, Edward S Tobias, S Faisal Ahmed
1396 related Products with: Thioredoxin Reductase 2 (TXNRD2) Variant As A Cause Of Micropenis, Undescended Testis And Selective Glucocorticoid Deficiency.
100 assays100 ul200ul200ul200ul250Tests100 ul200ul200ul2500 Tests
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#38011820 2023/11/22
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Reducing the vicissitudes of heterologous prochiral substrate catalysis by alcohol dehydrogenases through machine learning algorithms.
Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) are popular catalysts for synthesizing chiral synthons a vital step for active pharmaceutical intermediate (API) production. They are grouped into three superfamilies namely, medium-chain (MDRs), short-chain dehydrogenase/reductases (SDRs), and iron-containing alcohol dehydrogenases. The former two are used extensively for producing various chiral synthons. Many studies screen multiple enzymes or engineer a specific enzyme for catalyzing a substrate of interest. These processes are resource-intensive and intricate. The current study attempts to decipher the ability to match different ADHs with their ideal substrates using machine learning algorithms. We explore the catalysis of 284 antibacterial ketone intermediates, against MDRs and SDRs to demonstrate a unique pattern of activity. To facilitate machine learning we curated a dataset comprising 33 features, encompassing 4 descriptors for each compound. Subsequently, an ensemble of machine learning techniques viz. Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression, k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN) regression, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) regression, was harnessed. Moreover, the assimilation of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) augmented precision and accuracy, thereby refining and demarcating diverse compound classes. As such, this classification is useful for discerning substrates amenable to diverse alcohol dehydrogenases, thereby mitigating the reliance on high-throughput screening or engineering in identifying the optimal enzyme for specific substrate.Arindam Ghatak, Anirudh P Shanbhag, Santanu Datta
1401 related Products with: Reducing the vicissitudes of heterologous prochiral substrate catalysis by alcohol dehydrogenases through machine learning algorithms.
1000 assays 5 G1000 assays 500 ml 2.5 mg500 Units200 assays20 mg200 assays 500 ml
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#38010705 2023/11/27
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The protective effect of aqueous extract of Stevia rebaudiana against tartrazine toxicity in male Wistar rat.
Tartrazine is a yellow colouring agent that is commonly used in foods; however, high dosages of Tartrazine affect fertility and create oxidative stress by generating free radicals. A plant species known as Stevia rebaudiana has natural antioxidants that show promise for protecting testicular tissue. Consequently, this study was intended to examine the ameliorative effect of the aqueous extract of S. rebaudiana (Stevia) on the fertility of male Wistar rats induced by the daily oral intake of Tartrazine. Utilizing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, phytochemical identification was accomplished for Stevia extract. Study groups were separated into several groups: the first group (the control) got distilled water for up to 56 days; the Stevia group (1000 mg/kg), the Tartrazine group (300 mg/kg) and the Stevia and Tartrazine group (the group was given Tartrazine after 1 h of Stevia extract intake). Also, the oxidative damage in testicular tissues was assessed by measuring the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidants (catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD] and glutathione reductase [GSH]). Further, histological alterations were examined. In addition, cyclic AMP-responsive element modulator (Crem) gene expression levels and their relative proteins were measured in the testicular tissues using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. Sperm analysis and testosterone concentration were also performed. SPSS version 25 was used for the analysis of results while (p < .05) was regarded as significant. Compared with the control group, the results demonstrated that Tartrazine caused a significant reduction (p < .05) in the testosterone hormone level (0.70 ± 0.21) and the Crem protein quantity (1.21 ± 0.23) in the treated Tartrazine group. Also, it had a significant decrease (p < .05) in sperm motility, viability, count and antioxidant levels. Moreover, there was a significant increase (p < .05) in sperm abnormalities, MDA level (7.40 ± 1.10), kidney and liver function parameters, and DNA degradation in the treated Tartrazine group compared with the control group. On the contrary, the Stevia extract intake enhanced the testosterone (2.50 ± 0.60), antioxidants and Crem protein levels (2.33 ± 0.10) with an improvement in sperm quality in the Stevia and Tartrazine-treated group compared with the Tartrazine group. Stevia also caused a significant decrease (p < .05) in the MDA level (3.20 ± 0.20), and sperm abnormalities with an enhancement of the liver and kidney function parameters in the Stevia and Tartrazine-treated group compared to the Tartrazine group. Stevia administration has a protective effect on the testicular tissues and sperm quality against toxicity induced by Tartrazine exposure, so it will be a good antioxidant drug to be administered daily before daily administration of Tartrazine.Demiana H Hanna, Sylvia Nabil Beshay, E El Shafee, Heba Ali Abd El-Rahman